ʻO ka 2023 Global Durian Trade Overview i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka Food and Agriculture Organization o United Nations e hōʻike ana ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka durian i ka honua ma mua o 10 mau manawa i nā makahiki i hala aku nei, mai kahi o 80000 tons i ka makahiki 2003 a ma kahi o 870000 tons i 2022. ʻO ka holoʻokoʻa, ʻoi aku ma mua o 90% o nā durian hoʻopuka honua e hoʻolako ʻia e Thailand, me Vietnam a me Malaysia e helu ana i kēlā me kēia ma kahi o 3%, a he mau mea liʻiliʻi hoʻi nā Philippines a me Indonesia. Ma ke ʻano he mea lawe nui i ka durian, kūʻai ʻo Kina i ka 95% o nā hoʻoiho honua, aʻo Singapore ke kūʻai aku nei ma kahi o 3%.
He mea waiwai nui ka Durian a ʻo kekahi o nā hua nui loa ma Asia Hikina Hema. Ua ulu maikaʻi kāna mākeke kūʻai aku i nā makahiki ʻelua i hala. Hōʻike ka ʻikepili hou loa i hiki i ke kālepa durian honua i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 930000 tons ma 2021. ʻO ka ulu ʻana o ka loaʻa kālā a me ka hoʻololi wikiwiki ʻana i nā makemake o nā mea kūʻai aku o nā ʻāina e lawe mai ana (ʻo ka mea nui loa ʻo Kina), a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻenehana kaulahao anu a me ka hōʻemi nui ʻana i ka wā lawe, kōkua nā mea āpau i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kālepa. ʻOiai ʻaʻohe ʻikepili hana kikoʻī, ʻo nā mea hana nui o ka durian ʻo Thailand, Malaysia, a me Indonesia, me ka nui o ka hana ʻana o 3 miliona tons i kēlā me kēia makahiki. I kēia manawa, ʻo Thailand ka mea hoʻopuka nui o ka durian, ʻo ia ka 94% o ka awelika o ka honua ma waena o 2020 a me 2022. ʻO ke koena o ke kālepa ʻana ua kokoke loa i hoʻolako ʻia e Vietnam a me Malaysia, ʻo kēlā me kēia helu ma kahi o 3%. Hāʻawi nui ʻia ka durian i hana ʻia ma Indonesia i ka mākeke kūloko.
Ma ke ʻano he mea lawe nui i ka durian, ua kūʻai aku ʻo Kina i ka awelika ma kahi o 740000 tons o ka durian i kēlā me kēia makahiki mai 2020 a 2022, e like me 95% o ka nui o ka lawe ʻana mai o ka honua. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā durian i lawe ʻia mai Kina mai Thailand mai, akā i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻonui pū ʻia nā mea lawe mai Vietnam.
I ka pane ʻana i ka hoʻonui wikiwiki ʻana o ka noi, ua piʻi mau ke kumukūʻai o ka ʻāpana kalepa o ka durian i nā makahiki i hala. Ma ka pae hoʻokomo mai 2021 a 2022, ua hōʻea ke kumu kūʻai awelika makahiki ma kahi o $5000 no ke tona, he mau manawa i ka awelika kumu kūʻai o ka maiʻa a me nā hua ʻona nui. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Durian he mea ʻono kūʻokoʻa ma Kina a ke loaʻa nei ka manaʻo nui mai nā mea kūʻai aku. I Kekemapa 2021, ʻo ka wehe ʻana o ke kaʻaahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ʻo Kina Laos i hoʻolaha hou i ka ulu ʻana o ka lawe ʻana mai o Kina i ka durian mai Thailand. He mau lā/wiki e lawe ai i nā ukana ma ke kaʻa a moku paha. Ma ke ʻano he loulou transit ma waena o nā mea kūʻai aku o Thailand a me Kina, pono wale ka China Laos Railway ma mua o 20 mau hola e lawe ai i nā waiwai ma ke kaʻaahi. ʻAe kēia i ka durian a me nā huahana mahiʻai hou mai Thailand e lawe ʻia i ka mākeke Kina i ka manawa pōkole, a laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hou o nā huahana. Hōʻike nā hōʻike ʻoihana hou a me ka ʻikepili mua e pili ana i nā kahe kālepa o kēlā me kēia mahina ua hoʻonui ʻia ka lawe ʻana mai o ka durian Kina ma kahi o 60% i nā mahina ʻewalu mua o 2023.
I ka mākeke honua, ua manaʻo ʻia ka durian he moʻolelo a i ʻole huahana niche. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka palaho o ka durian hou e paʻakikī i ka lawe ʻana i nā huahana hou i nā mākeke mamao, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō pinepine ʻia nā koi e pili ana i nā kūlana quarantine kanu a me ka palekana o ka huahana. No laila, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā durian i kūʻai ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa e hana ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ka durian maloʻo, durian maloʻo, jam, a me nā meaʻai meaʻai. ʻAʻole ʻike ka poʻe kūʻai i ka durian, a ua lilo kona kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe i mea keakea no ka ulu ʻana o ka durian i kahi mākeke honua ākea. Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka nui o nā huaʻai ʻē aʻe i waho, ʻoi aku ka maiʻa, pineapples, mango, a me nā avocados, he haʻahaʻa ko lākou koʻikoʻi.
Eia nō naʻe, hāʻawi ʻia i ke kumukūʻai kūʻai kiʻekiʻe loa o ka durian, ua hōʻea ia i ka awelika o ke kālepa kālepa honua ma kahi o $3 biliona i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma waena o 2020 a me 2022, ma mua o nā mango hou a me nā pineapples. Eia kekahi, ua ʻoi aku ka pālua o ka lawe ʻana i nā durian hou mai Thailand a i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i nā makahiki he ʻumi i hala aku nei, a hiki i ka awelika o 3000 tons i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma waena o 2020 a me 2022, me ka awelika o ka waiwai hoʻokomo makahiki ma kahi o 10 miliona US, e hōʻike ana i ka ulu ʻana o ka durian ma waho o Asia. Ma ka holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ka awelika o ka waiwai kūʻai aku o ka durian mai Thailand ma waena o 2021 a me 2022 he 3.3 biliona kālā ʻAmelika, ʻo ia ke kolu o nā mea kūʻai aku i ka mahiʻai nui loa ma Thailand, ma hope o ka lāʻau kūlohelohe a me ka laiki. ʻO ka awelika o ka waiwai kūʻai aku o kēia mau waiwai ʻelua ma waena o 2021 a me 2022 he 3.9 biliona kālā ʻAmelika a me 3.7 biliona kālā ʻAmelika.
Hōʻike kēia mau helu inā hiki ke hoʻokele maikaʻi ʻia nā durian e pili ana i ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka maikaʻi, ka hoʻoili ʻana ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, a me ka lawe ʻana, me ka nānā ʻana i ke kumukūʻai kūpono, hiki i ke kālepa durian ke lawe i nā manawa ʻoihana nui i nā mea kūʻai aku, me nā ʻāina haʻahaʻa. Ma nā mākeke kiʻekiʻe e like me ka European Union a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, hilinaʻi nui ka mākeke i ka maʻalahi o nā mea kūʻai aku e kūʻai i kēia hua a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka ʻike mea kūʻai.