ʻO ka lepo o ka pōhaku pōhaku ma ke kahua o ke kahuaʻo Antarcticaʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā microorganisms.
No ka manawa mua, uaʻike ka poʻeʻepekema hewa iʻikeʻoleʻia e ola ana i ka lepo o ka honua. Hele mai ka lepo maiʻelua mau makani makani, Rocky Roundges ma waena o nā alanui antarctica, 300 mau mile mai kaʻaoʻao o ka hau.
"Ua manaʻo mau nā kānaka i nā microbes he paʻakikī a hiki ke noho i nā wahi," e'ōlelo aiʻo Nohlogist ma ke kulanui o Colurado Ma hope o nā mea āpau a pau, ua loaʻa nā mea hana a me nā mea hana hoʻokahi i ke ola me nā mahana ma lalo o ka marrenherit Akā ma hope o hoʻokahi makahiki o ka hana, ferrrol a me kāna haumāna nicholas e loaʻaʻole i nā hōʻailona o ke ola a me nā'āina'ē aʻe i hōʻiliʻili ai.
ʻO nā ahi ahi a me nā hana i hoʻopaʻaʻia mai nā papa he 11'ē aʻe e hōʻike ana, e hōʻike ana i kahi ākea ākea. ʻO ka poʻe e hele mai ana mai ka lalo a me nā wahiʻulaʻula a me ke anuanu i loaʻa i nā balala a me nā fungi. Akā ma kekahi mau mauna o nā mauna kiʻekiʻeʻelua kiʻekiʻe, a me ke kuahiwi kuahiwi aʻaʻohe hōʻailona o ke ola.
"ʻAʻole hiki iā mākou ke'ōlelo,ʻo ka'ōlelo," wahi a Ferrer. Hoʻopiliʻia nā microbiologists i ka loaʻaʻana o nā miliona o nā cell i loko o kahi pā o ka lepo. No laila, he helu liʻiliʻi loa (eg 100 100 mau cell) hiki ke pakele i kaʻike. "Akā e like me mākou eʻike ai,ʻaʻole lākou i loaʻa i nā microorganisms."
Inā paha he lepo maoli paha kekahi o ke ola a iʻole ma hope e loaʻa i kekahi mau mea e ola nei i ke olaʻo JGR biogeoscience e kōkua i ke ola ma Mars. ʻO ka lepo antictictic e hoʻopau mau loa, piha i nā paʻakai o nā mea aloha,ʻaʻole i nui ka wai wai noʻelua mau miliona mau makahiki.
Ua hōʻiliʻiliʻia lākou i ka wā o ka laweʻana i kaʻenehanaʻepekema kālā-kālā ma Ianuali 2018 i nā wahi mamao o nā mauna transantarctic. E hele lākou ma loko o ka'āina o ka'āina, e hoʻokaʻawale i ka plateau kiʻekiʻe ma ka hikina mai ke komohana haahaa ma ke komohana. Ua hoʻonoho ka poʻeʻepekema i kahi hoʻomoana ma ka shackleton glacier, he 60-mile ka 60-mile e lele i lalo o ka hau ma nā kuahiwi. Ua hoʻohana lākou i nā helikopters e lele i nā Altitudes kiʻekiʻe a hōʻiliʻili i nā kiʻi a me nā hoʻohālike e piʻi aʻe a i lalo i ka glacier.
I nā mauna mahana, nā kuahiwi ma ka wāwae o kahi glacier, he mau wāwae wale nō, ua loaʻa iā lākou nā huaʻai ma mua o nā holoholona sessier. i kapaʻiaʻo Springtails. Nā pepekeʻia. ʻO kēia mau mea make,ʻo ia ka liʻiliʻi o nā'āpana o ka nui ma mua o hoʻokahi tausani o ka nui o ka baict i loaʻa i kahi lāʻau ma lalo o nā mea liʻiliʻi ma lalo o kaʻili.
Akā ua nalowale kēia mau hōʻailona o ke ola ma keʻano he nui o ka hui i kipa aku i nā mauna kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe i loko o ka glacier. A i ka piko o ka grienier, kipa lākou iʻelua mauna kuahiwi a me ka maunaʻo Roberts - he mau kihi kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO nā kipa iā Schrooder mauna,ʻo Recals Bortalls Adams ʻO ka mahana ma kēia lā kauwela kokoke i 0 ° F. Hoʻokipaʻia ka makani o ka makani i ka hau a me ka hau, e haʻalele ana i nā mauna, ua hoʻoweliweli mau loa ia i ke alahaka a lākou i hoʻohiki ai i ke one. Ua uhiʻia ka'āina i nā pōhaku Roldanic Reddish e hele ana ma luna o nā miliona miliona o nā makahiki e ka makani a me ka ua.
Ke hookiia ka poe olelo hewa i ka maka, ua ike lakou ua uhi ia kona wahi i ka nahesa aniani o ka poli makaainana, cllorate, a me na nirate. Nā perchlorates a me nā clarates, corrostive-reactive salts i hoʻohanaʻia ma ka wahie bracket a me ka blegechunt blear, loaʻa paha ma ka nui o Mars. I ka wai e holoi, holoi, ka paʻakai i hana i kēia mau mauna antarctic.
"Ua like ia me ka sampling ma Mars,'ōleloʻo Adams. Ke hoʻokau neiʻoe i kahi pua i loko, "ʻIkeʻoeʻoʻoe ka mea mua e hoʻopilikia i ka lepo i nā makahiki'ē aʻe a mau loa paha."
Ua'ōlelo nā noiʻi i nā kuʻina kiʻekiʻe a me nā kūlana hana pono loa, e loaʻa iā lākou nā moleʻokeʻo, e loaʻa lākou i nā molelika e hele ana me ka microoronispation ma ka lepo. Akā ua hoʻomaka nā manaʻo e hoʻopau i ka manawa ma hope o 2018, i ka wā e hoʻohanaʻia ai ka dragon i kahi hana plymereze (PCR) DNA ma Dirt. Ua hōʻikeʻo Dragon 204 mau kiʻi mai nā mauna ma luna a ma lalo o ka glacier. Nā hiʻohiʻona mai lalo, nā mauna lanakila e hāʻawi i nā nui o nā dna; Akāʻo ka hapa nui (20%) mai nā kanalima kiʻekiʻe loa, me ka nui o nā huaʻaiʻo Schrodif a me nā mea āpau e hōʻike nei i nā helu liʻiliʻi loa a iʻole a pauʻole.
"I kona hoʻomaka muaʻana e hōʻike mai iaʻu i kekahi mau hopena, manaʻo wau, 'He mea hewaʻole,'" '"'" '"' "lelo hewaʻole. Manaʻoʻo ia e pono kekahi mea hewaʻole i ka hoʻohālike a iʻole nā ​​mea hana lab.
Ua hanaʻo Dragon i kahiʻano o nā hoʻokolohua hou eʻimi ai i nā hōʻailona o ke ola. Ua mālamaʻo ia i ka lepo me ka glucose eʻike ināʻike kekahi mau mea i loko o ka lepo e hoʻohuli ai i ka carbon dioxide. Ke ho'āʻo neiʻo ia eʻike i kahi kemika i kapaʻia e ka ATP, e hoʻohanaʻia e ke ola āpau ma ka Honua. No kekahi mau mahina, kanu akula ia i nā'āpana o ka lepo i nāʻano likeʻole o nā micries likeʻole, e ho'āʻo e hōʻoia i nā microorganisms e ulu ai i nā koloka
"Ua hoʻoleiʻo Nick i ka lumi kuke i kēia mau hiʻohiʻona,"'ōleloʻo Ferreal. ʻOiai i kēia mau hoʻokolohua a pau,ʻikeʻoleʻo ia i kekahi mea i kekahi mau'āpana. "He mea kupanaha loa ia."
ʻO Jacqeline Gudal, kahi microbiologist ma ke Kulanui o Gualph ma Kanada, e kāhea ana i nā hopena o nā microorganism e loaʻa ai kahi wahi i hāʻawiʻia ma kahiʻano. Ua loaʻaʻo ia he kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ke kiʻekiʻe o nā mea hoʻokūkū kiʻekiʻe i nā mea wānana ikaika loa o ka hikiʻole keʻike i ke ola. "He mea hoihoi hoihoi loa kēia," wahi a maikaʻiʻo Goodyear. "Hōʻike nui kēia iā mākou i nā palena o ke ola ma ka Honua."
ʻAʻoleʻo ia e maopopo loa i ko lākou lepo he ola maoli, he hapa ma muli o kāna mauʻike pono'ī ma kahi'ē aʻe o Antarctica.
I nā makahiki i hala aku nei, aʻoʻo ia i nā'ōmaka likeʻole ma nā mauna kaʻaila, he wahi no ka papa waena o Shackast ma ke kulanui o Shackwing. I kona incubated ia no 20 mau mahina ma 23 ° F, he mahana kauwela ma ke awāwa,ʻaʻole i hōʻike ka lepo i nā hōʻailona o ke ola. Akā i ka wā i loaʻa aiʻo ia i ka nui o ka hanaʻana i kekahi mau kiʻekiʻe ma luna o ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana, ua hōʻike kekahi i ka ulu nui.
No ka mea, uaʻike nā meaʻepekema i nā cherters carolls e noho ola ana ma hope o nā kaukani mau makahiki i nā makahiki glaciers. I ka wā i lilo ai lākou i ka'ōpala, hiki i ka Metabolism ke lohi i lalo i hoʻokahi miliona mau manawa. Hele lākou i loko o kahi kūlana iʻole lākou e ulu hou ai, akā akā hana hou i nā pōʻino dna i hōʻehaʻia e nā mea hana cosmic e komo ana i ka hau. ʻO nā mea kiko'ī maikaʻi loa i kēia mau "Swand Castivors" hiki i nā mea i loaʻa iā ia ma keʻano he 10 mau manawa he nui.
Brent youry,ʻo wai e aʻo i nā microbes Antarctic ma ke Kulanui o Florida, ke hilinaʻi nei i kēia huliʻana i ke ola ma Mars.
Ua hoʻomaopopoʻo ia i ka Viking 1 a me Vikinge 2 SpaceCrat i ka'āina e pili ana i ka heleʻana o ke kai he nui. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau'āpana e lilo i ka wai mai ka metwater i ke kauwela. ʻAʻole lākou he microorganisms, akā ma kekahi mau wahi liʻiliʻi a me nā holoholona liʻiliʻi a me nā holoholona'ē aʻe.
I ka hoʻohālikelikeʻana, nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, maloʻo nui o ka maunaʻo Rots Roberts a me Mount SchROIDER KA MANAWA NO MAKUA MAUI.
"He maikaʻi loa ka papa o Mars," wahi a Christer. "ʻAʻole hiki i ke kālā ma ka honua ke ola ma kaʻaoʻao" -at liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma luna o nā'āpana kiʻekiʻe aʻelua paha. ʻO kekahi kahakai e hele ana ma laila keʻimiʻimi ana i ke ola e hana i nā wahiʻoi loa ma ka honua.
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